What is Diverticulosis?
Diverticulosis is a condition characterized by the presence of small pouches (diverticula) that form in the walls of the colon. It is common and typically increases with age, being present in about half of those over 60 years old.
Why Does It Happen?
The exact cause of diverticulosis is not entirely understood. However, it's believed to be a combination of increased colonic pressure, typically due to constipation, and weakness in the colon wall. This allows the formation of small pouches.
Risk Factors
Risk factors for diverticulosis include:
Age: The prevalence of diverticulosis increases as we get older.
Low-fiber diet: A diet low in fiber can lead to constipation, which increases pressure in the colon, contributing to the formation of diverticula.
Obesity: Excess weight, particularly central obesity, has been associated with diverticulosis.
Physical inactivity: Sedentary behaviour is also a risk factor.
Certain medications: Some drugs, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and steroids, can increase the risk.
Prevention and Management of Diverticulitis
Diverticulitis occurs when these diverticula become inflamed or infected. To reduce the risk of this complication:
Consume a high-fiber diet: Fiber softens stool, reduces pressure in the digestive tract, and may help prevent diverticula formation. Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in your diet.
Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of fluids can help soften stool, easing its passage and reducing the pressure in your colon.
Exercise regularly: Physical activity promotes normal bowel function and reduces pressure inside your colon.
Avoid smoking: Smoking has been associated with an increased risk of diverticulitis.
Diet for Diverticulosis
In the past, people with diverticulosis were told to avoid nuts, seeds, and popcorn, as it was thought these could get trapped in the diverticula and cause inflammation. However, recent research has found no overt evidence to support this. A high-fiber diet is now recommended. Approach here is we still advise patient to avoid seeds/nuts when there is history of recurrent infection or pain
Diverticulosis is often asymptomatic, but when symptoms do occur, they may include abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, or diarrhea. If you experience severe abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits, or notice blood in your stool, seek medical attention.
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